Escenario final de Exploration
2 (routing fundamentals)
Fecha: 29 de noviembre del 2012
Escenario ya publicado en Septiembre del 2012 (http://www.vilarrasa.com.ar/escenario_multiprotocolo.htm)
Mediante este escenario se puede verificar el
ingreso de una ruta específica en la tabla de enrutamiento, dependiendo de la
distancia administrativa (AD) de cada protocolo, y
de las falencias del enrutamiento estático ante los cambios en la topología.
Escenario (puede bajarse de ftp://ftp.vilarrasa.com.ar/
, user y pass: ccna)
Pruebas de tráfico
PC>ping 192.168.1.10
(verificamos conectividad)
Pinging 192.168.1.10 with
32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.10:
bytes=32 time=141ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.1.10:
bytes=32 time=156ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.1.10:
bytes=32 time=156ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.1.10:
bytes=32 time=156ms TTL=125
Ping statistics for
192.168.1.10:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip
times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 141ms, Maximum = 156ms, Average = 152ms
PC>
PC>tracert
192.168.1.10 (determinamos la ruta)
Tracing route to
192.168.1.10 over a maximum of 30 hops:
1 16 ms 31 ms
31 ms 192.168.2.1 (router Cordoba)
2 78 ms 94 ms
78 ms 10.0.0.1 (router estático)
3 110 ms 110 ms
141 ms 10.0.0.9 (router Rosario)
4 141 ms
156 ms 156 ms 192.168.1.10
Trace complete.
PC>
Verificación
Cordoba#sh ip route
---resumido---
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.0.0.0/29 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
R 10.0.0.8/30 is possibly down, routing
via 10.0.0.4, FastEthernet0/1
D 10.0.0.12/30 [90/2172416] via 10.0.0.2,
00:08:42, FastEthernet0/1
O 10.0.0.16/30 [110/65] via 10.0.0.3,
00:08:24, FastEthernet0/1
R 10.0.0.20/30 [120/1] via 10.0.0.4,
00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1
S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.1 (ver AD 1)
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
Cordoba#
Caída del vínculo de enrutamiento estático
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface
Serial0/0/0, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line
protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to down
PC>tracert
192.168.1.10 (el tracert no llega)
Tracing route to
192.168.1.10 over a maximum of 30 hops:
1 32 ms 31 ms
31 ms 192.168.2.1 (router Cordoba)
2 *
* * Request timed out.
3 * * * Request
timed out.
4 *
Control-C
^C
PC>
Verificación desde Rosario
Rosario#sh ip route (no hay estáticas ya que la red está directamente conectada)
---resumido---
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks
D 10.0.0.0/29 [90/2172416] via 10.0.0.14,
00:11:29, Serial0/0/1
C 10.0.0.12/30 is directly connected,
Serial0/0/1
C 10.0.0.16/30 is directly connected,
Serial0/1/0
C 10.0.0.20/30 is directly connected,
Serial0/1/1
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
D 192.168.2.0/24 [90/2174976] via 10.0.0.14,
00:07:19, Serial0/0/1 (vía EIGRP)
Rosario#
Verificación desde Córdoba
Cordoba#sh ip route
---resumido---
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.0.0.0/29 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
R 10.0.0.8/30 is possibly down, routing
via 10.0.0.4, FastEthernet0/1
D 10.0.0.12/30 [90/2172416] via 10.0.0.2,
00:08:42, FastEthernet0/1
O 10.0.0.16/30 [110/65] via 10.0.0.3,
00:08:24, FastEthernet0/1
R 10.0.0.20/30 [120/1] via 10.0.0.4,
00:00:02, FastEthernet0/1
S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.0.1 (aún existe ya que hay un salto intermedio)
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
Cordoba#
Solución
Cordoba#conf t
Enter configuration
commands, one per line. End with
CNTL/Z.
Cordoba(config)#no ip
route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 (se elimina
la ruta estática)
Cordoba(config)#^Z
Cordoba#
Verificación
Cordoba#sh ip route
---resumido---
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.0.0.0/29 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
D 10.0.0.12/30 [90/2172416] via 10.0.0.2,
00:09:59, FastEthernet0/1
O 10.0.0.16/30 [110/65] via 10.0.0.3,
00:09:41, FastEthernet0/1
R 10.0.0.20/30 [120/1] via 10.0.0.4,
00:00:23, FastEthernet0/1
D 192.168.1.0/24 [90/2174976] via 10.0.0.2,
00:09:59, FastEthernet0/1 (ver AD 90)
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
Cordoba#
PC>tracert
192.168.1.10 (ahora el tracert llega)
Tracing route to
192.168.1.10 over a maximum of 30 hops:
1 31 ms 31 ms
31 ms 192.168.2.1 (router Cordoba)
2 78 ms 78 ms
94 ms 10.0.0.2 (router EIGRP)
3 109 ms 81 ms
110 ms 10.0.0.13 (router Rosario)
4 127 ms 141 ms
141 ms 192.168.1.10
Trace complete.
PC>
Caída del vínculo de enrutamiento EIGRP
OSPF se
implementará en la tabla luego de expirado el tiempo muerto, por lo que se
perderá cierto tráfico.
%DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE:
IP-EIGRP 100: Neighbor 10.0.0.2 (FastEthernet0/1) is down: holding time expired
Cordoba#sh ip route
---resumido---
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.0.0.0/29 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
O 10.0.0.16/30 [110/65] via 10.0.0.3,
00:12:56, FastEthernet0/1
R 10.0.0.20/30 [120/1] via 10.0.0.4,
00:00:19, FastEthernet0/1
O 192.168.1.0/24 [110/66] via 10.0.0.3,
00:12:56, FastEthernet0/1 (ver AD 110)
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
Cordoba#
PC>tracert
192.168.1.10 (el tracert llega sin modificaciones en
los routers)
Tracing route to
192.168.1.10 over a maximum of 30 hops:
1 31 ms 32 ms
18 ms 192.168.2.1 (router Cordoba)
2 79 ms 94 ms
62 ms 10.0.0.3 (router OSPF)
3 110 ms 94 ms
125 ms 10.0.0.17 (router Rosario)
4 156 ms 157 ms
156 ms 192.168.1.10
Trace complete.
PC>
Caída del vínculo de enrutamiento OSPF
RIP se implementará en la tabla luego de expirado el
tiempo muerto, por lo que se perderá cierto tráfico.
00:41:04: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG:
Process 1, Nbr 10.0.0.18 on FastEthernet0/1 from FULL to DOWN,
Neighbor Down: Dead timer
expired
00:41:04: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG:
Process 1, Nbr 10.0.0.18 on FastEthernet0/1 from FULL to DOWN,
Neighbor Down: Interface
down or detached
Cordoba#sh ip route
---resumido---
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.0.0.0/29 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
R 10.0.0.20/30 [120/1] via 10.0.0.4,
00:00:13, FastEthernet0/1
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 10.0.0.4,
00:00:13, FastEthernet0/1 (ver AD 120)
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
Cordoba#
PC>tracert
192.168.1.10 (el tracert llega pero después de varios
intentos debido a la lentitud de RIP)
Tracing route to
192.168.1.10 over a maximum of 30 hops:
1 18 ms 32 ms
31 ms 192.168.2.1 (router Cordoba)
2 78 ms 63 ms
94 ms 10.0.0.4 (router RIP)
3 110 ms 125 ms
125 ms 10.0.0.21 (router Rosario)
4 140 ms 156 ms
157 ms 192.168.1.10
Trace complete.
PC>
Configuraciones
Rosario#sh runn (se muestra lo mas relevante)
Building configuration...
!
hostname Rosario
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.0.0.9 255.255.255.252
clock rate 1000000
!
interface Serial0/0/1
ip address 10.0.0.13 255.255.255.252
clock rate 1000000
!
interface Serial0/1/0
ip address 10.0.0.17 255.255.255.252
clock rate 1000000
!
interface Serial0/1/1
ip address 10.0.0.21 255.255.255.252
clock rate 1000000
!
!
router eigrp 100
network 10.0.0.12 0.0.0.3
network 192.168.1.0
no auto-summary
!
router ospf 1
log-adjacency-changes
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 10.0.0.16 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
router rip
version 2
passive-interface Serial0/0/0
passive-interface Serial0/0/1
passive-interface Serial0/1/0
network 10.0.0.0
network 192.168.1.0
!
ip classless
ip route 192.168.2.0
255.255.255.0 10.0.0.10
!
end
Estatico#sh runn (se muestra lo mas relevante)
Building configuration...
!
hostname Estatico
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.248
!
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.0.0.10 255.255.255.252
!
!
ip classless
ip route 192.168.1.0
255.255.255.0 10.0.0.9
ip route 192.168.2.0
255.255.255.0 10.0.0.5
!
end
EIGRP#sh runn (se muestra lo mas relevante)
Building configuration...
!
hostname EIGRP
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.248
!
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.0.0.14 255.255.255.252
!
!
router eigrp 100
network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7
network 10.0.0.12 0.0.0.3
no auto-summary
!
ip classless
!
end
OSPF#sh runn (se muestra lo mas relevante)
Building configuration...
!
hostname OSPF
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 10.0.0.3 255.255.255.248
!
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.0.0.18 255.255.255.252
!
!
router ospf 1
log-adjacency-changes
network 10.0.0.16 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
!
ip classless
!
end
RIP#sh runn (se muestra lo mas relevante)
Building configuration...
!
hostname RIP
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 10.0.0.4 255.255.255.248
!
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.0.0.22 255.255.255.252
!
!
router rip
version 2
network 10.0.0.0
!
ip classless
!
end
Cordoba#sh runn (se muestra lo mas relevante)
Building configuration...
!
hostname Cordoba
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 10.0.0.5 255.255.255.248
!
!
router eigrp 100
network 192.168.2.0
network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7
no auto-summary
!
router ospf 1
log-adjacency-changes
network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.7 area 0
!
router rip
version 2
network 10.0.0.0
network 192.168.2.0
!
ip classless
!
!
end
Solución de Mariano Andrés (alumno de esta comisión)
Cordoba#conf t
Enter configuration
commands, one per line. End with
CNTL/Z.
Cordoba(config)#ip
route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0.0 10.0.0.1 (en lugar de una ruta
específica, utiliza una ruta por defecto
lo que le da
prioridad al EIGRP, otros protocolos y como último
recurso la ruta estática, con esta solución y su trabajo en clase
Verificación en
el año, se adjudicó un 100% en el campo SKILLS del gradebook)
Cordoba#sh ip route
---resumido---
Gateway of last resort is
10.0.0.1 to network 0.0.0.0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.0.0.0/29 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
R 10.0.0.8/29 [120/2] via 10.0.0.5,
00:01:03, FastEthernet0/1
D 10.0.0.12/30 [90/5514496] via 10.0.0.3,
00:18:36, FastEthernet0/1
O 10.0.0.16/30 [110/196] via 10.0.0.4,
00:17:52, FastEthernet0/1
D 192.168.1.0/24 [90/5517056] via 10.0.0.3,
00:18:36, FastEthernet0/1 (primero utilizará EIGRP)
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 10.0.0.1
Cordoba#
%DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE:
IP-EIGRP 100: Neighbor 10.0.0.3 (FastEthernet0/1) is down: holding time expired
Cordoba#sh ip route
---resumido---
Gateway of last resort is
10.0.0.1 to network 0.0.0.0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.0.0.0/29 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
O 10.0.0.16/30 [110/196] via 10.0.0.4,
00:23:54, FastEthernet0/1
O 192.168.1.0/24 [110/197] via 10.0.0.4,
00:23:54, FastEthernet0/1 (ahora utilizará OSPF)
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 10.0.0.1
Cordoba#
00:27:46: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG:
Process 1, Nbr 10.0.0.18 on FastEthernet0/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down:
Dead timer expired
00:27:46: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG:
Process 1, Nbr 10.0.0.18 on FastEthernet0/1 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down:
Interface down or detached
Cordoba#sh ip route
---resumido---
Gateway of last resort is
10.0.0.1 to network 0.0.0.0
10.0.0.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.0.0.0 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 10.0.0.5,
00:00:05, FastEthernet0/1 (ahora utilizará RIP)
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 10.0.0.1
Cordoba#debug ip
routing
IP routing debugging is on
Cordoba#
RT: del 192.168.1.0 via
10.0.0.5, rip metric [120/16]
RT: delete network route
to 192.168.1.0
RT: NET-RED 192.168.1.0/24
Cordoba#sh ip route
---resumido---
Gateway of last resort is
10.0.0.1 to network 0.0.0.0
10.0.0.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.0.0.0 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/1
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected,
FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 10.0.0.1 (ahora utilizará la ruta por defecto)
Cordoba#
(2012) Routing don´t fun pretty girls
Rosario, Argentina