USB en Cisco 1841

Utilización del puerto USB en un router Cisco 1841

Fecha: 29 de septiembre del 2014 Clase: temas del módulo 4 de Exploration 4

Escenario

Estas pruebas se mencionan en el módulo 4 de Exploration 4 como procedimiento por consola y protocolo x-modem (fuera de banda,no es IP),

en este escenario las realizamos por el puerto USB de un router Cisco 1841, mediante un pendrive Kingston de 2 GB formateado en FAT desde

el mismo router y se realizan tareas de upgrade o arranque de emergencia por pérdida de la memoria flash.

1.- Se realiza un upgrade de IOS vía USB en vez del clásico TFTP

ISP#sh version (verificamos versión de IOS)

Cisco IOS Software, 1841 Software (C1841-SPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(1c), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport

Compiled Tue 25-Oct-05 17:10 by evmiller

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.3(8r)T9, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

ISP uptime is 1 minute

System returned to ROM by power-on

System image file is "flash:c1841-spservicesk9-mz.124-1c.bin" (IOS estándar)

---resumido---

Cisco 1841 (revision 6.0) with 117760K/13312K bytes of memory.

Processor board ID FTX1034W111

2 FastEthernet interfaces

1 Serial(sync/async) interface

DRAM configuration is 64 bits wide with parity disabled.

191K bytes of NVRAM.

31360K bytes of ATA CompactFlash (Read/Write)

Configuration register is 0x2102

ISP#sh flash (verificamos el contenido de la flash)

-#- --length-- -----date/time------ path

1 22406740 Aug 22 2006 23:36:22 +00:00 c1841-spservicesk9-mz.124-1c.bin

2 1821 Aug 22 2006 23:50:14 +00:00 sdmconfig-18xx.cfg

3 4734464 Aug 22 2006 23:50:48 +00:00 sdm.tar

4 833024 Aug 22 2006 23:51:08 +00:00 es.tar

5 1052160 Aug 22 2006 23:51:32 +00:00 common.tar

6 1038 Aug 22 2006 23:51:52 +00:00 home.shtml

7 102400 Aug 22 2006 23:52:10 +00:00 home.tar

8 491213 Aug 22 2006 23:52:30 +00:00 128MB.sdf

9 1684577 Aug 22 2006 23:53:04 +00:00 securedesktop-ios-3.1.1.27-k9.pkg

10 398305 Aug 22 2006 23:53:32 +00:00 sslclient-win-1.1.0.154.pkg

11 143377 Jul 04 2007 19:07:22 +00:00 crashinfo_20070704-190722

12 0 Jul 04 2007 19:09:06 +00:00 crashinfo_20070704-190906

0 bytes available (31932416 bytes used) (la flash no tiene espacio)

Conectamos el pendrive en el puerto USB:

ISP#

*Feb 13 14:23:22.691: %USB_HOST_STACK-6-USB_DEVICE_CONNECTED: A Full speed USB device has been inserted in port 0.

*Feb 13 14:23:23.447: %USBFLASH-5-CHANGE: usbflash0 has been inserted!

ISP>sh usb?

usb usbflash0:

ISP>sh usbflash0: (verificamos el contenido del pendrive)

-#- --length-- -----date/time------ path

1 24355180 Dec 05 2011 15:07:04 c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-9.T1.bin

1973780480 bytes available (24379392 bytes used)

Generamos espacio disponible en la flash:

ISP#delete flash:securedesktop-ios-3.1.1.27-k9.pkg

ISP#delete flash:sslclient-win-1.1.0.154.pkgsslclient-win-1.1.0.154.pkg

ISP#delete flash:sslclient-win-1.1.0.154.pkg

ISP#delete flash:crashinfo_20070704-190722

ISP#delete flash:crashinfo_20070704-190906

Generamos una copia de backup en la unidad USB para realizar un potencial rollback:

ISP#copy flash:c1841-spservicesk9-mz.124-1c.bin usbflash0:

Destination filename [c1841-spservicesk9-mz.124-1c.bin]?

Copy in progress...CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

---resumido---

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

22406740 bytes copied in 66.852 secs (335169 bytes/sec)

ISP#delete flash:c1841-spservicesk9-mz.124-1c.bin (borramos el archivo del sistema operativo)

Delete filename [c1841-spservicesk9-mz.124-1c.bin]? (enter)

Delete flash:c1841-spservicesk9-mz.124-1c.bin? [confirm] (enter)

Verificamos contenido del pendrive:

ISP#dir ubflash0: (vemos el respaldo del sistema operativo del router y la actualización)

Directory of usbflash0:/

1 -rw- 24355180 Dec 05 2011 15:07:04 +00:00 c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-9.T1.bin (actualización)

2 -rw- 22406740 Feb 13 2012 14:29:58 +00:00 c1841-spservicesk9-mz.124-1c.bin (original)

1998159872 bytes total (1951367168 bytes free)

Realizamos la copia del upgrade a la flash:

ISP#copy usbflash0:c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-9.T1.bin flash:

Destination filename [c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-9.T1.bin]?

Delete filename [c1841-spservicesk9-mz.124-1c.bin]?

Delete flash:c1841-spservicesk9-mz.124-1c.bin? [confirm]

Copy in progress...CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

--resumido---

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

24355180 bytes copied in 86.904 secs (280254 bytes/sec)

Curiosidad en el contenido de la flash: no aparece la imagen de IOS copiada.

ISP#sh flash: (con este comando NO se visualiza)

-#- --length-- -----date/time------ path

1 1821 Aug 22 2006 23:50:14 +00:00 sdmconfig-18xx.cfg

2 4734464 Aug 22 2006 23:50:48 +00:00 sdm.tar

3 833024 Aug 22 2006 23:51:08 +00:00 es.tar

4 1052160 Aug 22 2006 23:51:32 +00:00 common.tar

5 1038 Aug 22 2006 23:51:52 +00:00 home.shtml

6 102400 Aug 22 2006 23:52:10 +00:00 home.tar

7 491213 Aug 22 2006 23:52:30 +00:00 128MB.sdf

348160 bytes available (31584256 bytes used)

ISP#dir flash: (con este comando SI se visualiza)

Directory of flash:/

9 -rw- 24355180 Feb 13 2012 14:36:24 +00:00 c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-9.T1.bin

1 -rw- 1821 Aug 22 2006 23:50:14 +00:00 sdmconfig-18xx.cfg

2 -rw- 4734464 Aug 22 2006 23:50:48 +00:00 sdm.tar

3 -rw- 833024 Aug 22 2006 23:51:08 +00:00 es.tar

4 -rw- 1052160 Aug 22 2006 23:51:32 +00:00 common.tar

5 -rw- 1038 Aug 22 2006 23:51:52 +00:00 home.shtml

6 -rw- 102400 Aug 22 2006 23:52:10 +00:00 home.tar

7 -rw- 491213 Aug 22 2006 23:52:30 +00:00 128MB.sdf

31932416 bytes total (348160 bytes free)

Verificamos alguna configuración de seguridad: para no visualizar el archivo mediante este comando.

ISP#sh secure boot

%IOS image and configuration resilience is not active

Reiniciamos para cargar la imagen nueva:

ISP#reload

Proceed with reload? [confirm] (enter)

*Feb 13 14:38:25.827: %SYS-5-RELOAD: Reload requested by console. Reload Reason: Reload command.

System Bootstrap, Version 12.3(8r)T9, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

*Feb 13 14:39:45.535: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted --

Cisco IOS Software, 1841 Software (C1841-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(9)T1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)

Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport

Compiled Wed 30-Aug-06 15:13 by prod_rel_team

*Feb 13 14:39:45.535: %SNMP-5-COLDSTART: SNMP agent on host ISP is undergoing a cold start

*Feb 13 14:39:45.707: %SYS-6-BOOTTIME: Time taken to reboot after reload = 78 seconds

*Feb 13 14:39:45.855: %CRYPTO-6-ISAKMP_ON_OFF: ISAKMP is OFF

Verificamos nueva versión:

ISP>enable

ISP#sh ver

Cisco IOS Software, 1841 Software (C1841-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(9)T1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)

Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport

Compiled Wed 30-Aug-06 15:13 by prod_rel_team

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 12.3(8r)T9, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

ISP uptime is 1 minute

System returned to ROM by reload at 14:38:25 UTC Mon Feb 13 2012

System image file is "flash:c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-9.T1.bin"

---resumido----

Cisco 1841 (revision 6.0) with 117760K/13312K bytes of memory.

Processor board ID FTX1034W111

2 FastEthernet interfaces

1 Serial(sync/async) interface

1 Virtual Private Network (VPN) Module

DRAM configuration is 64 bits wide with parity disabled.

191K bytes of NVRAM.

1951344K bytes of USB Flash usbflash0 (Read/Write)

31360K bytes of ATA CompactFlash (Read/Write)

Configuration register is 0x2102

ISP#sh flash: (con este comando NO se visualizaba…ahora si)

-#- --length-- -----date/time------ path

1 24355180 Feb 13 2012 14:36:24 +00:00 c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.124-9.T1.bin

2 1821 Aug 22 2006 23:50:14 +00:00 sdmconfig-18xx.cfg

3 4734464 Aug 22 2006 23:50:48 +00:00 sdm.tar

4 833024 Aug 22 2006 23:51:08 +00:00 es.tar

5 1052160 Aug 22 2006 23:51:32 +00:00 common.tar

6 1038 Aug 22 2006 23:51:52 +00:00 home.shtml

7 102400 Aug 22 2006 23:52:10 +00:00 home.tar

8 491213 Aug 22 2006 23:52:30 +00:00 128MB.sdf

348160 bytes available (31584256 bytes used)

ISP#

2.- Realizando el arranque desde un pendrive en caso de que la flash falle

Cordoba>enable

Password:

Cordoba#format usbflash0: (formateamos el pendrive)

Format operation may take a while. Continue? [confirm] (enter)

Format operation will destroy all data in "usbflash0:". Continue? [confirm] (enter)

Format: All system sectors written. OK...

Format: Total sectors in formatted partition: 3903201

Format: Total bytes in formatted partition: 1998438912

Format: Operation completed successfully.

Format of usbflash0: complete

Cordoba#

Cordoba#sh flash (verificamos contenido de la flash)

-#- --length-- -----date/time------ path

1 40464820 Dec 01 2026 02:44:00 c1841-adventerprisek9-mz.124-24.T.bin (IOS activo)

2 45703272 Aug 01 2012 19:22:42 c1841-advipservicesk9-mz.151-4.M4.bin

3 1252 Sep 13 2012 01:00:36 R1

4 0 Feb 27 2013 09:01:36 iosips

5 0 Feb 27 2013 09:09:12 ips

6 704 Feb 27 2013 09:10:12 ips/Rosario-sigdef-default.xml

7 255 Feb 27 2013 09:10:14 ips/Rosario-sigdef-delta.xml

8 4365 Feb 27 2013 09:10:14 ips/Rosario-sigdef-typedef.xml

9 1469 Feb 27 2013 09:10:14 ips/Rosario-sigdef-category.xml

10 304 Feb 27 2013 09:10:14 ips/Rosario-seap-delta.xml

11 491 Feb 27 2013 09:10:16 ips/Rosario-seap-typedef.xml

12 9553609 Feb 27 2013 09:17:20 ips/IOS-S416-CLI.pkg

13 1038 May 13 2013 23:39:04 home.shtml

14 2746 May 13 2013 23:39:04 sdmconfig-18xx.cfg

15 112640 May 13 2013 23:39:04 home.tar

16 1505280 May 13 2013 23:39:10 common.tar

17 6389760 May 13 2013 23:39:34 sdm.tar

18 1697952 May 13 2013 23:39:48 securedesktop-ios-3.1.1.45-k9.pkg

19 415956 May 13 2013 23:39:56 sslclient-win-1.1.4.176.pkg

20 931840 May 13 2013 23:40:06 es.tar

21 1400 Jun 08 2013 15:54:56 2013-8-6

22 1734 Apr 12 2014 13:32:26 o

414441472 bytes available (106913792 bytes used)

Cordoba#

Cordoba#copy flash usbflash0: (backup del sistema operativo al pendrive)

Source filename [c1841-adventerprisek9-mz.124-24.T.bin]? (enter)

Destination filename [c1841-adventerprisek9-mz.124-24.T.bin]? (enter)

Copy in progress...CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

---resumido---

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

40464820 bytes copied in 133.260 secs (303653 bytes/sec)

Cordoba#

Cordoba#show usbflash0: (verificamos la copia del archivo)

-#- --length-- -----date/time------ path

1 40464820 Oct 29 2014 22:08:38 c1841-adventerprisek9-mz.124-24.T.bin

1957691392 bytes available (40468480 bytes used)

Cordoba# (apagamos el equipo, retiramos la flash y lo encendemos nuevamente)

System Bootstrap, Version 12.4(13r)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport

PLD version 0x10

GIO ASIC version 0x127

c1841 platform with 262144 Kbytes of main memory

Main memory is configured to 64 bit mode with parity disabled

Readonly ROMMON initialized

flash: CompactFlash not present. (memoria retirada para esta prueba)

rommon 1 > dir usbflash0: (verificamos pendrive)

program load complete, entry point: 0x8000f000, size: 0x3d180

Directory of usbflash0:

2 40464820 -rw- c1841-adventerprisek9-mz.124-24.T.bin

0 0 -rw- ERNESTO

rommon 2 > boot usbflash0: c1841-adventerprisek9-mz.124-24.T.bin (arranque desde el pendrive)

program load complete, entry point: 0x8000f000, size: 0x3d180

program load complete, entry point: 0x8000f000, size: 0x2697014

Self decompressing the image : ######################################################

###############################################################################

############################################## [OK]

Smart Init is enabled

---resumido---

Cisco IOS Software, 1841 Software (C1841-ADVENTERPRISEK9-M), Version 12.4(24)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport

Compiled Wed 25-Feb-09 15:36 by prod_rel_team

---resumido---

Installed image archive

Cisco 1841 (revision 7.0) with 239616K/22528K bytes of memory.

Processor board ID FTX1144X02D

2 FastEthernet interfaces

4 Low-speed serial(sync/async) interfaces

1 Virtual Private Network (VPN) Module

DRAM configuration is 64 bits wide with parity disabled.

191K bytes of NVRAM.

1951616K bytes of USB Flash usbflash0 (Read/Write)

SETUP: new interface NVI0 placed in "shutdown" state

% Crashinfo may not be recovered at flash:crashinfo (memoria retirada para esta prueba)

% This file system device reports an error

Press RETURN to get started!

Cordoba> (boot OK)

3.- Enviando mensajes syslog al pendrive

Cuando no enviamos los mensajes syslog a un server, los mensajes se pierden si el router pierde alimentación

o se reinicia por algun motivo, por lo tanto intentaremos guardar los mismos, no en la flash del equipo, sino en

el pendrive, ya que estamos con pruebas del USB.

Cordoba(config)#logg on (activa syslog)

Cordoba(config)#logg buffered (almacena syslog en la memoria RAM)

Cordoba(config)#logg persistent url usbflash0: (almacena syslog en el pendrive)

%File system type of "usbflash0:/" is not supported

Cordoba(config)#

Pruebas con un Cisco 1941

*Oct 31 16:57:22.798: %USBFLASH-5-CHANGE: usbflash0 has been inserted!

Cisco_1941#sh file system (verificamos pendrive)

File Systems:

Size(b) Free(b) Type Flags Prefixes

- - opaque rw archive:

- - opaque rw system:

- - opaque rw tmpsys:

- - opaque rw null:

- - network rw tftp:

* 256487424 188612608 disk rw flash0: flash:#

- - disk rw flash1:

262136 255100 nvram rw nvram:

- - opaque wo syslog:

- - opaque rw xmodem:

- - opaque rw ymodem:

- - network rw rcp:

- - network rw http:

- - network rw ftp:

- - network rw scp:

- - opaque ro tar:

- - network rw https:

- - opaque ro cns:

7995752448 4552060928 usbflash rw usbflash0: (pendrive de 8 GB OK, el anterior de 2 GB no lo reconoce)

Cisco_1941#config t

Cisco_1941(config)#logg on

Cisco_1941(config)#logg buffered

Cisco_1941(config)#logg persistent url usbflash0: (no reconoce el path)

Translating "persistent"...domain server (255.255.255.255)

% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.

Cisco_1941(config)#logg persistent url ? (verificamos posibles alternativas, no es una posibilidad el pendrive)

flash0: Filesystem name

flash1: Filesystem name

flash: Filesystem name

Cisco_1941(config)# end

Connection lost !

(2012) Funny girls can't understand about networking protocols

Rosario, Argentina